![]() In 2004 the European Stability Initiative estimated the number of displaced people as being only 65,000, with 130,000 Serbs remaining in Kosovo, though this would leave a significant proportion of the pre-1999 ethnic Serb population unaccounted-for. In 2002, Serbia and Montenegro reported hosting 277,000 internally displaced people (the vast majority being Serbs and Roma from Kosovo), which included 201,641 persons displaced from Kosovo into Serbia proper, 29,451 displaced from Kosovo into Montenegro, and about 46,000 displaced within Kosovo itself, including 16,000 returning refugees unable to inhabit their original homes. ![]() Large numbers of refugees from Kosovo still live in temporary camps and shelters in Serbia proper. Thousands more were driven out by intimidation, attacks and a wave of crime after the war. Many left along with the withdrawing security forces, expressing fears that they would be targeted by returning Albanian refugees and KLA fighters who blamed them for wartime acts of violence. In the case of the non-Albanians, the Gypsies in particular were regarded by many Albanians as having assisted federal forces during the war. Before and during the handover of power, an estimated 100,000 Serbs and other non-Albanians, mostly Gypsies, fled the province for fear of reprisals. The Albanians established a "parallel state" to provide education and social services while boycotting or being excluded from Yugoslav institutions.įurther information: Kosovo (UNMIK), Constitutional status of Kosovo, and Kosovo status processĪ NATO-led Kosovo Force ( KFOR) entered the province following the Kosovo War, tasked with providing security to the UN Mission in Kosovo ( UNMIK). A state of emergency and harsh security rules were subsequently imposed against Kosovo's Albanians following mass protests. In response to the action, the Kosovo Assembly voted on 2 July 1990 to declare Kosovo an independent state, and this received recognition from Albania. The move attracted criticism from the leaderships of the other Yugoslav republics but no higher authority was in place to reverse the measure. ![]() Increasing ethnic tension throughout Yugoslavia in the late 1980s amid rising nationalism among its nations eventually led to a decentralised state: this facilitated Serbian President Slobodan Milošević in effectively terminating the privileges awarded to the Kosovar assembly in 1974. In 1968 it became the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo and in 1974 new constitution enabled the province to function at every administrative level independently of its host republic within Yugoslavia. ![]() Initially a ceremonial entity, more power was devolved to Kosovan authorities with each constitutional reform. The Province of Kosovo took shape in 1945 as the Autonomous Region of Kosovo and Metohija within Socialist Yugoslavia, as an autonomous region within the People's Republic of Serbia. Main article: History of Kosovo Background Valdet Sadiku is the official representative of Kosovo to Serbia. Dejan Pavićević is the official representative of Government of Serbia in Pristina. Hence, it is illegal in Serbian constitutional law.Īs a result of the ICJ decision, a joint Serbia-EU resolution was passed in the United Nations General Assembly which called for an EU-facilitated dialogue between Belgrade and Pristina to "promote cooperation, achieve progress on the path to the European Union and improve the lives of the people." The dialogue resulted in the 2013 Brussels deal between Belgrade and Pristina which abolished all of the Republic of Serbia's institutions in Kosovo. However, the declaration violates the eighth article of the Constitution of Serbia. The Court determined that the declaration did not violate international law, because a group of people declared independence called the representatives of the people of Kosovo ( Albanian: Udhëheqësit e popullit tonë, të zgjedhur në mënyrë demokratike), opposed to UNSCR 1244 in which is stated that Kosovo is a province of Serbia. Serbia sought international validation and support for its stance that the declaration was illegal, and in October 2008 requested an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice. The legality of the declaration has been disputed. It was the second declaration of independence by Kosovo's Albanian-majority political institutions the first was proclaimed on 7 September 1990. The 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence, which proclaimed the Republic of Kosovo to be a state independent from Serbia, was adopted at a meeting held on 17 February 2008 by 109 out of the 120 members of the Assembly of Kosovo, including the Prime Minister of Kosovo, Hashim Thaqi, and by the President of Kosovo, Fatmir Sejdiu (who was not a member of the Assembly).
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